Sarcopenic obesity definitions and their associations with physical frailty in older Brazilian adults: data from the SARCOS study

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the obesity diagnosis with the highest association with physical frailty associated with sarcopenia EWGSOP II (sarcopenic obesity). Subjects and methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 371 community-dwelling older adults. Appendicular skeletal lean mass and total body fat (TBF) were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and physical frailty was defined using Fried's criteria. The phenotypes were identified according to the presence of sarcopenia by EWGSOP II and obesity, which was diagnosed using two concepts: BMI obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and TBF obesity (percentage of TBF ≥ 35% for women and ≥ 25% for men). Finally, the association of each group with physical frailty was evaluated. Results: The mean age was 78.15 ± 7.22 years. Sarcopenia EWGSOP II was diagnosed in 19.8% (n = 73), body mass index obesity was identified in 21.8% (n = 81), TBF obesity was identified in 67.7% (n = 251), and physical frailty was identified in 38.5% (n = 142). In a regression analysis for frailty, sarcopenic TBF obesity presented an odds ratio of 6.88 (95% confidence interval 2.60-18.24; p < 0.001). Conclusion: In older Brazilian adults, sarcopenic obesity diagnosed by TBF obesity has a robust association with frailty and is independent of body mass index.

Seroepidemiology of sheep brucellosis in the microregion of Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil / Soroepidemiologia de brucelose ovina na microrregião de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil

The aim of the present study was to perform a seroepidemiological survey of Brucella ovis in ovine flocks in the microregion of Feira de Santana, State of Bahia (BA), Brazil. Ten municipalities with the largest sheep flocks were selected for this survey: Antonio Cardoso, Feira de Santana, Ipecaetá, Ipirá, Itatim, Pintadas, Rafael Jambeiro, Santa Teresinha, Santo Estévão and Serra Preta. The sample size was established on the basis of three parameters: significance level (99%), sampling error (5%), and estimated prevalence (50%). The total sample was divided proportionally to the sheep population found in the respective municipalities. The flocks examined in each municipality were randomly selected. The animals were older than six months and were distributed among 49 properties in the municipalities. Samples of blood from 793 male and female sheep were analyzed. During visitations, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied for collection of information and analysis of possible risk factors. All sera samples were analyzed by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and the antigen was a mixture of soluble proteins and lipopolysaccharides from B. ovis (strain Reo 198). Seropositive animals (6.94%, 55/793) to B. ovis were detected. However, significant statistical difference (p>0.05) was not found for age and sex. Risk factors that might be associated with cases of seropositive animals for the variables analyzed were not found. In 61.22% (30/49) of the examined farms at least one seropositive animal was detected. Only two of the ten municipalities above had no seropositive animal.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi a realização de um inquérito soroepidemiológico de Brucella ovis em rebanhos de ovinos da Microrregião de Feira de Santana, Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Foram selecionados os dez municípios de maior efetivo ovino: Antônio Cardoso, Feira de Santana, Ipecaetá, Ipirá, Itatim, Pintadas, Rafael Jambeiro, Santa Teresinha, Santo Estévão e Serra Preta,. O tamanho da amostra foi calculado com base nos parâmetros: nível de significância, 99%; erro amostral, 5%, prevalência estimada, 50%. A amostra total foi fracionada segundo a população de ovinos do respectivo município. Foram examinados 793 animais, machos e fêmeas, com idade superior a seis meses, distribuídos em 49 propriedades dos municípios visitados. Por ocasião das visitas, foi aplicado um questionário epidemiológico destinado à análise de possíveis fatores de risco. Todos os soros foram submetidos ao teste da imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA) com o antígeno constituído por proteínas e lipopolissacarídeos solúveis de B. ovis amostra Reo198. Foram obtidos 6,94% (55/793) de animais positivos e não houve diferença significativa (p>0,05) para idade e sexo. Para as variáveis analisadas, não foram encontrados fatores de risco que pudessem estar associados aos casos de animais reatores positivos. Dentre as propriedades trabalhadas, 61,22% (30/49) apresentaram pelo menos um animal reagente e dos dez municípios visitados, apenas dois não apresentaram animais positivos.